This study assessed differential vulnerabilities across slums in Bengaluru and developed a comprehensive assessment matrix to evaluate climate-related vulnerability. Using a multidimensional framework, the study analysed interconnected determinants including tenure, spatiality and built form, livelihoods and credit access, political representation and social capital, and climate risk. The findings demonstrated how these factors collectively shaped both immediate and long-term conditions of security and vulnerability. The study highlighted key interconnections, including the relationship between tenure and access to infrastructure, the role of political representation in strengthening bargaining power, and the influence of livelihood security on access to formal credit, generating a nuanced understanding of urban vulnerability in the context of climate change.