This project is examining how climate change is shaping India’s rural–urban transition, including its effects on both migration and immobility across locations and socio-economic groups. It is responding to a recognised knowledge gap on how to design policies, programmes, and projects that account for the interlinkages between socio-economic, cultural, and climate drivers of migration. Working with research and action partners, the project is developing a set of metrics and methods to better understand and enable migration as a form of adaptation. It is analysing a range of responses to climate change—from planned relocation to immobility—across source and destination contexts in Karnataka, Kerala, and Odisha, in order to frame how migration functions as an adaptive strategy.