One of the most significant gender divides in India is found in the WASH sector (SuSanA, 2012). TNUSSP conducted a study in two urban locations in Tamil Nadu to assess gender and social inclusion issues (GSI) across full cycle of sanitation (FCS) through four lenses, ‘do no harm’, ‘rights’, ‘welfare’, and ‘empowerment’. GSI issues are not restricted to accessing toilets but are present across the FCS. In addition, this study highlights limited involvement of women, and marginalised communities in planning and decision making, which has implications for WASH programming and establishes their need to engage with the emerging systemic issues.
