Terra Firma Biotechnologies Limited (Terra Firma) is one of the oldest operating municipal solid waste (MSW) processing companies in India. It is a public limited firm involved in the processing of MSW to organic compost, bio-methanation and the recycling of plastics and inert materials, with a processing capacity of up to 1,400 tons of municipal solid waste per day. With an increasing need for sustainable waste management options and agricultural inputs alternatives, nutrient recovery from different waste streams, particularly MSW is being promoted and showing promise in India. Terra Firma owns and operates several integrated resource recovery plants that receive MSW from the city of Bangalore. The success of Terra Firma’s model rests on a multiple-revenue stream approach. Revenue is generated from five major streams: i) sales from organic fertilizer products; ii) service fees from the municipality and other private clients (townships and commercial establishment) for waste processing; iii) sales from recyclables; iv) consultancy fees; and v) franchising royalties. The diversification of their portfolio mitigates risk associated with fluctuations in demand for organic fertilizer products. Strategic partnerships have also contributed to the business’ sustainability. The municipal corporation of Bangalore city and other commercial establishments and townships are contracted-out for the collection, separation and delivery of waste to Terra Firma for a fee – ensuring a consistent supply of high quality input (waste). It also partners with fertilizer companies and their network distributors to market and sell their compost whilst restricting its human resources to plant operations. These partnerships allow Terra Firma to sell compost under the fertilizer company’s Coromandel brand name.