Over the last decade, political, economic and policy discourses around sustainable and inclusive development in India have slowly veered towards the opportunities offered by India’s urban transition and its potential to create jobs, and accelerate inclusive economic development and social change. The counterpoint is that Indian cities are witnessing an increasing concentration of wealth, poverty and inequality, along with poor living, working and environmental conditions (IIHS, 2011, 2015), and the gap between larger and secondary cities, and large and small cities may be widening.